درس اسبوعي

Lesson 1

Drug : substance that act on biological system at the chemical ( molecular ) level and alter their functions

Drug receptors : the molecular component of the body with which drugs interact to bring about their effect

Distribution phase : the phase of drug movement from the site of administration into the tissues

Elimination phase : the phase of drug inactivation or removal from the body by metabolism or excretion

Endocytosis : absorption of material across a cell membrane by enclosing it in cell membrane material and pulling it into the cell

Exocytosis : expulsion of material from vesicles in the cell into the extracellular space

Permeation : movement of a molecule through the biologic medium

Pharmacodynamics : the actions of a drug on the body, including receptor interactions, dose-response phenomena, and mechanisms of therapeutic and toxic actions

Pharmacokinetics : the actions of the body on the drug, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. Elimination of a drug may be achieved by metabolism or by excretion. Biodisposition is a term sometimes used to describe the processes of metabolism and excretion

Transporter : a specialized molecule, usually a protein, that carries a drug, transmitter, or other molecule across a membrane in which it is not permeable, eg, Na/K ATPase, serotonin reuptake transporter, etc

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ا

اهلين ابو الميس

لا تخاف كل شي رح يكون مار عليك بس رح نرجع نتزكرو بالتدريج

ان شاءالكل يستفيد ويشاركنا

اهلين فيك وبتنور

ومنشان اللغة لا تخافو رح تكون كتير بسيطة وممتعة وان شاء الله تستفيد

يعطيك العافية
لازمني تقوية شاملة باللغة و أكيد راح أستفيد من دروسك

يسلمو ياقوت فكرة جلووة

ونحنا متابعين معك ..

وتنزيلها بالانكليزي رح يساعدنا أكييد لتقوية لغتنا ..

استمري ..

Lesson 2
Receptor: a molecule to which a drug binds to bring about a change in function of the biologic system

Inert binding molecule or site : a molecule to which a drug may bind without changing any function

Receptor site : specific region of the receptor molecule to which the drug binds

Spare receptor: receptor that doesn’t bind drug when the drug concentration is sufficient to produce maximal effect; present when Kd > EC50

Effector : component of a system that accomplishes the biologic effect after the receptor is activated by an agonist; often a channel or enzyme molecule

Agonist : a drug that activate its receptor upon binding

Pharmacologic antagonist: a drug that bind without activating its receptor and thereby prevents activation by an agonist

Competitive antagonist : a pharmacologic antagonist that can be overcome by increasing the concentration of the agonist

Irreversible antagonist : pharmacologic antagonist that can’t be overcome by increasing the concentration of the agonist

Physiologic antagonist: a drug that counters the effects of another by binding to a different receptor and causing opposing effect

Chemical antagonist : a drug that counters the effects of another by binding to agonist drug ( not the receptor )

Allosteric agonist, antagonist : a drug that binds to a receptor molecule without interfering with normal agonist binding but alters the response to the normal agonist

Partial agonist: a drug that binds to its receptor but produces a smaller effect at full dosage that a full agonist

Graded dose-response curve: a graph of increasing response to increasing drug concentration or dose

Quantal dose-response curve : a graph of the fraction of a population that shows a specified response at progressively increasing doses

EC50, ED50, TD50, etc : in graded dose-response curves, the concentration or dose that cause 50% of the maximum effect or toxicity.
In quantal dose-response curves , the concentration or dose that causes a specified response in 50% of the population under study

Kd : the concentration of drug that binds 50% of the receptors in the system

Efficacy, maximal efficacy: the maximum effect that can be achieved with a particular drug, regardless of dose